Waste+Management+and+Trash

Beijing--Jeanne Bissonnette

**"What government programs are being implemented to decrease the amount of toxic trash produced?**

 * In Germany, they have created the "green dot" system. Manufacturers & retailers have to pay for a "green dot" on products. The more packaging there is, the higher the fee. This system has been effective in reducing the amount of packaging created by 14%. (Germany also has a significant color-coded recycling program.)

@http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0KWH/is_10_42/ai_n6276858/ @http://www.howtogermany.com/pages/recycling.html @http://www.greendotcompliance.eu/en/common-questions.php


 * In June of 2008, China put a national ban on plastic bags. They found that they were using 37 million barrels of crude oil in the production of plastic bags each year.

http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/china-plasti... http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/09/world/asia/09iht-plastic.1.909793... @http://www.enn.com/pollution/article/37512


 * In February 2009, the Zero Waste Zone initiative targeting the food service industry was started in Atlanta, GA in the United States. The goal is to divert the maximum amount of recyclable items and organic matter from landfills and back into the production cycle.

@http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/04/17/gsif.atlanta.zero.waste.zone/ http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/2ac652c59703a4738525735900...!OpenDocument http://www.greenfoodservicealliance.org/zero-waste-zones/ZWZ-Overvi...

@http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/index.htm
 * Certain areas in the US now have the Pay-As-You-Throw program, which demands that citizens pay for the waste they throw out. Talk about a program that helps encourage waste reduction!

@http://cgiu.clintonglobalinitiative.org/Page.aspx?pid=3633
 * Some folks from Cornell University are partnering with the local government in Morelia, Mexico to launch an innovative waste management program that will allow residents to trade recyclable materials for fresh, locally grown produce.

http://infofile.pcd.go.th/waste/waste_3RsPortfolio.pdf?CFID=1813831...
 * The Thailand Business Council for Sustainable Development initiated the Thai Green Label Scheme. The Green Label is an environmental certification awarded to specific products that are shown to have minimum detrimental impact on the environment in comparison with others serving the same function. Participation is currently voluntary.

@http://www.tagumcity.gov.ph/plans_projects/solidwaste.html
 * In Tagum, Phillipines, the mayor took a radical approach and strategically cut waste management funding so that they would be forced to create more effective & innovative systems for dealing with trash.

__**Summary of Work Done in Our Group**__ The NCSU grad student has been a huge help. She found the bulk of our research. Only one student from Doha commented, and his program was not initiated by the government. The goal was to find **2-3 credible internet sites** to help answer the inquiry question and **write 3-4 sentences summary.** Students were then to post their email so an invitation for SlideShare could be sent to them.

__**Additional Work Done on Your Own**__ I researched the Pay-As-You-Throw Program, the US waste management initiative. I posted 2 sets of directions and created a SlideShare account to help organize our findings. I created a 2 minute video to help with the directions, but the Ning must not have liked it because it wouldn't upload it.

Brooke Crandall: leader of Vancouver group. Here is what my group has done so far. I created a survey to determine why people do not recycle as much as they should. Each student was to give out this survey. Here is everything else I assigned.

//Here is my group’s master plan/blueprint:// //I assigned each person a different part of the assignment based on their grade level in school. The students are listed in sequential order based on education level starting with my highest NC State student. Only two people have completed the work. I have looked over it and it looks great! I have not had time to convert the data into some charts for the survey I created but will over the next few days.//


 * Our overall research topic:**

In America, we are quickly running out of space to store our garbage. Some states have even started using land in other states to dispose of their garbage. However, 80% of what we throw away can be recycled. This problem seems to be consistent throughout the world.


 * And our Inquiry Questions:**

Why do you think people are not recycling as much as they should? If our habits do not change, what do you think will happen? What can we do to improve this?

You will all follow your assigned role in the group and submit data and research to me. The email I prefer to use is Brookecrand@gmail.com. I will then compile our data, edit the PowerPoint slides, add my own data and create an awesome PowerPoint for us to share!** I have not done this yet since I just started to receive data from my group.
 * My role:


 * __Please read over YOUR role:__**

[|Kristina Maines]: You will give out the survey [|Recycling_Survey[1.docx]] to at least 15 people. You will then add up the # of answers for each response. For example, question number one asks: What materials do you recycle? Please circle all that apply.

I gave out the survey to 49 students and 40 circle answer a (paper) 41 selected b (plastic bottles) 29 selected C and so on. These questions take a little more time to add up, but the rest our rather simple. Please submit this data ASAP to my email: Brookecrand@gmail.com. Please include the age range of the people that took the survey, the location and how many people took it.

Then you must research why people are not recycling. I know this is broad, however as a college student I feel you are the best fit for this role :) Please find at least 3 reliable sources. Use APA for the citation and give one to two sentences describing each source. Compile your research into at least 4 PowerPoint slides that you will then email to me. If you get stuck, I will be back in Raleigh next Friday and we could even try to meet.

Please be sure to apply this to both the U.S. and an individual perspective.


 * Here is what Kristina did:**
 * Annotated bibliography:**

The main reason that people don’t recycle is because they are either misinformed about the problems of waste and waste management, because they simply don’t care, or because it is an inconvenience. Networld-Project. (2001, 12 September). //Why Recycle?//. Retrieved from [] networld.com/tips/whyrecyl.htm
 * Why Recycle?**

Overall American’s are recycling more, but the number of curbside recycling programs have dropped over the past years. States are providing recycling facilities and offering rewards for recycling. Such as, Oregon offering 5 cents for every bottle you take in to a recycling facility. Chait, J., Michaels, W., & Pullen, K. (2009, 25 January). //United States Recycling Statistics//. Retrieved from http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/United_States_Recycling_Statistics
 * United States Recycling Statistics**

The 5 reasons people don’t recycle: inconvenience; lack of space; no deposit, no return; misinformation; too confusing. It is important to lead by example and to get involved. This is the best place to start. Harding, D. (2008). 5 Reasons Why People Don’t Recycle? Message posted to []
 * 5 Reasons Why People DON’T Recycle**
 * I know that this is from a blog but I find what he says is accurate and has a good view on recycling.**

People consider recycling an inconvenience. They also often have a lack of knowledge about recycling and its potential effects if we don’t do it. Aceti Associates of Arlington, MA (2002,30 December). //Recycling: Why People Participate; Why They// //Don’t//. Retrieved from []
 * Recycling: Why People Participate; Why They Don’t**

Question 1 A. 11 B. 12 C. 8 D. 7 E. 4 F. 2 Question 2 A. 3 B. 9 C. 3 D. 0 Question 3 A. 1 B. 9 C. 5 D. 0 Question 4 A. 3 B. 6 C. 5 D. 1 Question 5 A. 8 B. 1 C. 5 D. 1 Question 6 A. 9 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2 Question 7 A. 13 B. 1 C. 1 Question 8 A. 7 B. 3 C. 1 D. 6 E. 0 F. 0 G. 1 H. 0 Question 9 A. 15 B. 3 C. 10 Question 10 A. 15 B. 0 Question 11 A. 7 B. 8 Question 12 A. 0 B. 3 C. 11 D. 1 E. 0 Question 13 A. 10 B. 5 Question 14 A. 8 B. 7 Question 15 A. 10 B. 5 Question 16 (They answered it as an “Mark all that apply” question) A. 6 B. 3 C. 9 D. 5
 * Her survey data:**

Why don’t people recycle? United States Recycling Statistics o American’s are producing less MSW (municipal solid waste), but we still have in the million tons of waste. o Data collected in 2005 show that recycling trends have positively increased, but there are about 325 less curbside recycling programs in 2005 when compared to 2003. o Composting programs have jumped significantly from 2003 to 2005 o States have initiative programs. § Oregon have electronic recycling programs where you ger 5 cents for every bottle returned. These return areas are in easily accessible areas such as grocery stores. o Some states, such a New Mexico, rarely have curbside recycling programs Inconvenience § Lack of time § Lack of space § Pest concerns § Messiness § Difficulty getting recyclables to the curb or drop off locations § Lack of curbside recycling § Too confusing § Lack of Knowledge § They don’t believe it is a problem. § The less people know about recycling, they less likely they are to recycle. § People don’t think that recycling affects their lives. § People don’t see the point. § They believe that energy and resources are abundant. § They don’t believe that they create an insignificant amount of waste. Lack of Programs § Not all states have return programs § Michigan has a return of 10 cents for every bottle returned. § Not every city has curb side pick-up, which for most people is the most convenient way to recycle Lack of Space o People don’t want garbage laying around their kitchen. o No place to put the 3 required recycling bins. o People don’t want to have to deal with bugs because of trash laying around

[|Joshua Mobley]: You will give out the survey [|Recycling_Survey[1.docx]] to at least 15 people. You will then add up the # of answers for each response. For example, question number one asks: What materials do you recycle? Please circle all that apply.

I gave out the survey to 49 students and 40 circle answer a (paper) 41 selected b (plastic bottles) 29 selected C and so on. These questions take a little more time to add up, but the rest our rather simple. Please submit this data ASAP to my email: Brookecrand@gmail.com. Please include the age range of the people that took the survey, the location and how many people took it.

Then you will research what needs to happen to improve this garbage overflow problem. Obviously, the answer is to recycle but what needs to be done to ensure that people are recycling. Please find at least three reliable sources and create an APA citation for them. Also include 1-2 sentences describing the source. Then turn your research into at least 4 slides in PowerPoint and submit to me through Email. Since you are also in Raleigh, I can meet with you in person if needed.

Please be sure to include both a country and individual perspective.

[|Alexandra Poturenko] You will give out the survey [|Recycling_Survey[1.docx]] to at least 15 people. You will then add up the # of answers for each response. For example, question number one asks: What materials do you recycle? Please circle all that apply.

I gave out the survey to 49 students and 40 circle answer a (paper) 41 selected b (plastic bottles) 29 selected C and so on. These questions take a little more time to add up, but the rest our rather simple. Please submit this data ASAP to my email: Brookecrand@gmail.com. Please include the age range of the people that took the survey, the location and how many people took it.

Then you will research the short term affects of not recycling. Ideas to consider: what will happen to our land, our air, our water? How will this affect animals? You do not need to limit yourself to this ideas.

Please use at least two reliable sources that you will submit in APA format. If you are unsure of APA, please email me or ask me on here. Then give a one to two sentence description of each source. Please compile your research into about 3 PowerPoint slides. And email me those to me.

Please be sure to include your country's role in this issue and your own role.

Shea: You will give out the survey [|Recycling_Survey[1.docx]]

to at least 15 people. You will then add up the # of answers for each response. For example, question number one asks: What materials do you recycle? Please circle all that apply.

I gave out the survey to 49 students and 40 circle answer a (paper) 41 selected b (plastic bottles) 29 selected C and so on. These questions take a little more time to add up, but the rest our rather simple. Please submit this data ASAP to my email: Brookecrand@gmail.com. Please include the age range of the people that took the survey, the location and how many people took it.

Then you will research ways to encourage people in America to recycle more. When I was in college, my college was very into recycling and our university often received national recognition for our efforts. Here is a link to the program. []

Read through this and discover why Bowling Green State University has such a successful recycling program. Then try to find one more city, college, town, state, school etc. that also has a successful program and figure out why it works. If you know how to create APA citations please do so and include one sentence on each source.

Create about 2-4 PowerPoint slides with your research. Submit these to me.


 * Ana and Aisha:** I am not sure if you two know each other or go to school together, but I am going to give you the same topics to research.

You will give out the survey [|Recycling_Survey[1.docx]]

to at least 10 people. You will then add up the # of answers for each response. For example, question number one asks: What materials do you recycle? Please circle all that apply.

I gave out the survey to 49 students and 40 circle answer a (paper) 41 selected b (plastic bottles) 29 selected C and so on. These questions take a little more time to add up, but the rest our rather simple. Please submit this data ASAP to my email: Brookecrand@gmail.com. Please include the age range of the people that took the survey, the location and how many people took it.

Then I want you both to research the long term affect of NOT recycling. Ideas to think about: What will happen to our world, our land, our resources, our food, our water, our air and the animals. Please try to find 1-2 sources each on this topic. Your sources may include reliable websites (a reliable website is site that is supported by a well recognized organization such as a University) and books. Please give me as much information about your sources such as the link, the author, the year published etc. I am not sure if you know how to cite sources yet. If you do, please go ahead and try it your self. Also give me a sentence to describe the source. Then turn your findings into about 2-3 PowerPoint slides each. Please email me those slides as well as the source information. If you have questions PLEASE ask!!!!

Here is what Anna submitted:
 * https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=gmail&attid=0.1&thid=1277cbdcb97e78d7&mt=application%2Fvnd.ms-powerpoint&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2F%3Fui%3D2%26ik%3D3d920940d3%26view%3Datt%26th%3D1277cbdcb97e78d7%26attid%3D0.1%26disp%3Dattd%26zw&sig=AHIEtbTw__mvhkLAzN2joh0nPN75gXkqFA&pli=1__

Tiffany Schaefer / Group: Rome** Our Global Issue focus area is Waste Management. The topic is the //Great Pacific Garbage Patch//.

Inquiry Question: How can governments prevent the Great Pacific Garbage Patch from getting larger? What steps can we take, as world citizens, to reduce this huge problem?

Watch this video (less than 5 min.) about this massive global problem:

[]

After watching the video respond to this discussion by:

2) Find three ways to answer the inquiry question using the websites below.** (There is an optional Zotero sign-up in the previous discussion instructions)
 * 1) Find at least three facts that you found interesting or shocking about the video.
 * 3) Find at least one additional reliable website to share with the group.Make sure to describe why you picked it.**

Websites: Discovery Channel: [] Wikipedia: [] Garbage Patch: [] Coke’s action: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703672104574654212774... Univ of Portland bans sale of plastic bottles: http://www.kgw.com/news/local/Disposable-plastic-water-bottles-no-l... Clay substitute: []

Reply by [|Nada Wafa] on March 12, 2010 at 6:56pm 1) Find at least three facts that you found interesting or shocking about the video.


 * The trend is increasing and the quantities increase dramatically and it will never slow down
 * There are small fish eating the plastic; therefore, the plastic and food is entering into our food chain
 * It is impossible to clean the Great Pacific Garbage Patch

2) Find three ways to answer the inquiry question using the websites below. (How can governments prevent the Great Pacific Garbage Patch from getting larger? What steps can we take, as world citizens, to reduce this huge problem?)


 * Based on the Portland news, the University is planning to stop selling disposable plastic bottles. This may be an efficient way to prevent the Great Pacific Garbage Patch from getting larger. By using more reusable containers, there would be less plastic objects to throw away. Also, in Tokyo, they use clay as a substitute for plastic. The clay material is formed to be elastic and it is transparent as well. These are some types of modifications the government should take in consideration. They could try to substitute plastic material to something else, that is either dissolved in water, or just simply, not plastic. As citizens, we could recycle more, but most importantly, we should be careful with the material we buy. Plastic is much more easier to use nowadays, but we must be cautious about our choice. We should look for reusable materials instead of disposable. We could also try to use this clay idea and consider it as an important factor that could reduce the size of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. In addition, we could also get involved in programs that show support about reducing the size of it. We can make a difference if we just let our voices heard.

3) Find at least one additional reliable website to share with the group.Make sure to describe why you picked it

CNN: Scientists study 'garbage patch' in Pacific Ocean:

http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/08/04/pacific.garbage.patch/in...

I chose this website because it shows how researchers and scientists are finding out more and more information about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, and how they are trying to resolve the issue. Some things that I found interesting in this article is that how researchers are uncertain about the size of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Also, how the giant trash zone is like a whirlpool when all the plastic and garbage is blown away by the wind.

Reply by [|Hiba Raza] on March 17, 2010 at 12:52pm 1) Find at least three facts that you found interesting or shocking about the video. - We could be harmed by this and lots of animals are dying because of eating the plastic by mistake. - It is bigger than the continental United States! - It keeps on becoming a bigger and bigger issue!

2) Find three ways to answer the inquiry question using the websites below.

How can governments prevent the Great Pacific Garbage Patch from getting larger? What steps can we take, as world citizens, to reduce this huge problem? I think the plant based idea Coke came up with is a great idea. I think the government should start mass producing these and use them instead of the petroleum based plastic bottles. These plastic bottles are 100% recyclable so we can re-cycle them multiple times instead of making new ones. As Nada said the clay bottles is a great substitute as it is very strong, transparent and elastic. Also it is bio-degradable so it won't cause harm to the environment. The government could also stop the sales of plastic bottles one area at a time. The government should hire scientists to research the topic of biodegradable bottles and start putting them on the market. We, as world citizens should slowly stop buying plastic bottles and just buy the re-usable ones instead. If our tap water is impure then we should install a filter, or if you can't do that then you should buy a water cooler that uses the large water containers so you will be using less plastic than buying lots of large water bottles.

3) Find at least one additional reliable website to share with the group.Make sure to describe why you picked it.

http://www.treehugger.com/galleries/2009/05/great-pacific-garbage-p... I chose this website because it was in a slideshow format so it was easy for me to read, not just lines and lines of black, plain writing, it had pictures, and a video. I chose the website http://www.treehugger.com/galleries/2009/05/great-pacific-garbage-p... because it includes many facts about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. These are some of the facts I found interesting: - According to the UNEP, plastic accounts for 90% percent of all the debris floating in the oceans. And the bad thing about plastic is that it doesn't go away! -This plastic in the seas is a problem for animals like the albatross,they mistake the plastic for food and plastic becomes their normal diet causing problems for their health. -Fishing nets and other garbage mix with the 'floating patch' to make huge masses that small animals could possibly get stuck in. -The garbage patch flows into rivers too. -I find how Algaita- a marine research and education organization- built a raft entirely from recycled materials to create awareness about this issue.

Reply by [|Tate T. Muraoka] on March 20, 2010 at 9:36pm 1) Find at least three facts that you found interesting or shocking about the video.

Shocking: Interesting:
 * more trash in the pacific garbage patch over the years.
 * animals are eating the garbage and being affected negatively.
 * one of the largest garbage patch in the world.

2) Find three ways to answer the inquiry question using the website below. (How can governments prevent the Great Pacific Garbage Patch from getting larger? What steps can we take, as world citizens, to reduce this huge problem?)
 * Governments could encourage people to recycle or to not buy cans and bottles and just use fountain water. We could use biodegradable materials so even if it goes in the ocean it will breakdown and no longer be. People could volunteer to clean up trash on the beaches to stop trash from getting into the ocean.

3)Find at least one additional reliable website to share with the group.Make sure to describe why you picked it

Feds want to survey, possibly clean up vast garbage pit in Pacific

http://articles.sfgate.com/2007-10-30/news/17266687_1_great-pacific...

I chose this website because it talks about how the garbage affects the ocean and life. It also talks about why it is so hard to clean up because the plastic is broken down to fine powder from the sun that floats around in the ocean. ( I asked Tate to add to this annotation by looking for ways they are going to start cleaning up the area) Reply by [|Bailey Duncan] on March 21, 2010 at 10:25am 1) Find at least three facts that you found interesting or shocking about the video.

Animals like fish and birds are eating the plastic and other trash in the ocean. The patch stretches from coast of California all the way to china. The plastic doesn't decompose it just goes smaller and smaller.

2) Find ways to answer the inquiry question using the websites below.

Governments can be more strict on people if they are found littering so maybe more of a consequence if a person is found littering. We could be forced to by recycling more. Reusing could also help. Like I said above as us citizens, to stop problems like the whole word being covered with trash, we could reuse and recycle.

3) Find at least one additional reliable website to share with the group.Make sure to describe why you picked it.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/5208645/Drowning-in-pl... 

I have found this website relating to the Great Pacific garbage patch. I chose it because it has a lot of information about the Garbage Patch and what us citizens can do about it. One way ANYONE can help to solve the problem would be not to litter, don't add to the problem and add trash into the ocean, because then nothing will get better with that. Another way would be of course, always recycle :). Recycling will help the environment tremendously!!! It's better than throwing even more trash out. So why don't us citizens make several recycling boxes like one for plastic, one for aluminum another for water bottles...and the list continues. __**Summary of Work Done in Our Group**__ Nada, Hiba, Baily, and Tate have done an adequate job gathering the data above. There were two other college students who did not contribute at all.

__**Additional Work Done on Your Own**__ I found the video to help the researchers get motivated to learn more about the topic. I read over the requested websites that were provided in the instructions. My group was not responding when the topic and inquiry question were due, therefore, I came up with both based on the websites given. I then created a Zotero account and group page for the group to compile resources and add notes. Only one student (Nada) followed those directions, so I made it optional just in case it was confusing. The information has trickled in from the group members above, and I have spent quite a lot of time starting the final product a Glog: http://seahawkteam.glogster.com/global-issue-activity/

=Moscow Group---Madeeha Khan=

Focus Area 1: Waste Management and Trash
these initiatives are carried out and successful? What roles should countries have in making companies such as Coca-Cola be more environmentally friendly? 1. **A summary of the work done in your city group** Waste management and trash is a broad environmental topic. Therefore, the Moscow group decided to narrow down this topic and look at how an individual company has tried to create an eco-friendly brand image by conducting responsible waste management initiatives. A company that has taken big steps has been Coca-Cola. The Moscow group is examining the recycling initiatives that have been taken by the company, steps that can be taken to encourage individuals to recycle, and steps that the government/community can take in promoting more responsible waste management techniques by companies and individuals. Group members were each given an area to research. The Doha members are researching recycling initiatives started by Coca Cola, our NC State undergraduate member is researching incentives/educational programs that encourage individuals to recycle, and our NC State graduate student is researching what the state/community should do/has done to encourage companies to promote recycling. So far our group has found several programs started by Coca Cola, as well as, incentives Coca-Cola is providing to increase individual participation in programs such as the Recycle Bank. Our group has also found some laws regarding waste management and the pros and cons of recycling subsidies. 2. **Additional information that you found on your own** I am trying to find any information that I think would be helpful to the other group members’ assigned research areas. Therefore, I have found resources that provide information on various things such as recycling initiatives, incentives given to individuals to recycle, and laws or programs that could be conducted at the state/community level to promote recycling. 3. **Annotated resources (links, videos, articles)** [] The website discusses Coke’s environmental initiatives such as the community water programs and sustainable agricultural programs. [] This website provides an in-depth and fun way to look at Coke’s environmental initiatives. It contains an entire section devoted to coke’s recycling programs. [] Video provides an in-depth look at the Recycling Bank, which is an initiative that supported by Coke. [|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703672104574654212774...] Discusses Coke’s plant based bottles that were introduced at the Vancouver Olympics. [] Discusses how Coca-Cola in Great Britain commissioned artists to create the biggest piece of artwork made from recycled materials. The artwork was made from 20,000 cans. [] Video that discusses how Coca-Cola opened the largest recycling plant for plastic bottles in South Carolina. @http://www.sustainlane.us/category/c13 This website contains information regarding local, state and national laws dealing with waste management. @http://commonsblog.org/archives/000377.php Blog post about the harm of recycling subsidies [] Article discusses how a state has subsidized the recycling of TVs, laptops,etc [] Discusses Coca-Cola’s recycling bin grant program
 * Research Topic**: In recent years, there has been increased interest in companies taking steps towards making their brand image more eco- friendly. Many of these countries have adopted recycling initiatives to help the environment.
 * Inquiry Question:** What specific steps have Coca-Cola taken towards recycling? Do you think these initiatives are effective? What role should individuals play in making sure

4. **Your opinion about a country's responsibility** The Governments of countries should make companies more responsible for the wastes they produce. Corporations and their products are a major source of waste pollution. Targeting corporations through laws and regulations could help decrease the amount of waste pollution produced by these companies. Also, the government should provide incentives to corporations for creating recycling initiatives and green products

Recycling initiatives made by countries or companies are only contingent upon an individuals participation in the programs. Individuals are therefore essential to making the recycling programs work. Individuals should also be encouraged through incentives such as the Recycle Bank, by showing creative ways to use recycled goods (artwork, etc), and by educating individuals on the benefits of recycling.
 * 5. Your opinion about an individual's responsibility**

Andrea Gambino: Dublin Group

**Research:**
 * Research Topic:** How does the accumulation of trash negatively effect natural areas?
 * -Land ( we could focus on trees, vegetation, humans)**
 * -Sea (Fish and other aquatic life, vegetation, and water contamination)**

**Inquiry Questions:**
 * What effect does trash accumulation have on the land (trees,vegetation, humans)?**
 * What effect does trash accumulation have on the sea (fish, aquatic life, and water contamination)?**
 * What organizations are currently available to help this vast problem of waste management?**
 * Where is waste management the largest issue in the world and how can it be decreased?**
 * What can communities do to help decrease trash/littering in their own neighborhoods, cities, etc?**
 * What can individuals do to extend help to other countries and places in need of help to decrease trash management issues?**

**Research Roles (3-5 annotated sources per person):** · **What effects does trash accumulation have on the land (trees,vegetation, humans)?**
 * Megan:**

Research-What effects does trash accumulation have on the land (trees,vegetation, humans)? 1. http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/hazmat/articles/trash.html. Environmental Chemistry. com "Protecting Wildlife from Trash" website. This website focuses on the negative affects of waste management for animals. This site addresses the why these animals are being harmed, how animals are harmed, how we can prevent from harming them. (Below Is information that I have gathered from Environmental Chemistry. com website, "Protecting Wildlife from Trash") The amount of litter that ends up spoiling the beauty of the natural environment is not surprising considering the amount of waste we produce. Glass bottles, plastic packaging, tin cans, newspaper, cardboard, and other types of garbage litter urban and rural landscapes everywhere. According to Wildlife Fact File, about 160 million tons of trash is thrown away every year in the U.S. or approximately three and a half pounds per person each day. Litter can be very harmful to wildlife. Discarded fishing lines can trap the legs, wings, or neck of waterfowl such as swans or moorhens. A fishhook may get stuck in a bird's throat. Water birds suffer lead poisoning when they accidentally swallow small lead fishing weights. Broken glass can cut the feet of foxes, coyotes, or badgers, and unbroken bottles present a hazard to various small animals. Lizards often crawl inside bottles or cans to bask warm interior, to seek protection or search for food; but they may find it difficult to squeeze out again and can die of overheating. Small mammals in search of food often get their heads caught in the openings of jars. Replacing lids on bottles and jars before discarding can help prevent animals from becoming entrapped. Birds, fish, and mammals may be ensnared by plastic six-pack holders. This can be prevented this by cutting up the plastic rings so that they do not become traps. 2. http://dhs.wi.gov/eh/HlthHaz/fs/WoodBrn.htm. Wisconsin Department of Health Services website, "Trash and Wood Burning". This article suggests that human health is at risk from trash accumulation and wood burning. People who are exposed to these air pollutants are susceptible to diseases, infections, and other long term respiratory problems. (Below Is information that I have gathered from Wisconsin's Department of Health Services website) Before scientists learned about the dangers of burning trash, it was commonly burned at homes and landfills. Because of the smoke, air pollution, and odor complaints of backyard burning, many local governments prohibit residential trash burning. Backyard trash burning is especially harmful because it releases chemicals that are persistent in the environment, polluting our air, food, lakes and streams. A recent study found that residential trash burning from a single home could release more dioxin into the air than an industrial incinerator. The gases released by trash and wood burning can cause breathing irritation. Some of these gases are called aldehydes, which cause strong irritation when they contact the eyes, nose, and throat. Aldehyde and other organic gases are the reason why smoke is irritating to the eyes. Smoke from wood and trash contains very small particles that can be breathed deep into the lungs. Once trapped in the lungs, these particles can cause cell damage. The cell damage can eventually make breathing difficult. In general, the health risk posed by smoke is small if the smoke is mixed with plenty of outdoor air. However, smoke from burning trash and wood can still be harmful if the smoke accumulates near homes. 3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDAc42_yGws. You Tube video clip on "Recycling, waste and its impact on the environment (part 1)". This video focuses on the impacts of waste on the environment, and how toxic wastes are destroying our planet. As we continue to trash our environment and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere global warming continues to increase. As our planet continues to heat up more natural disasters are occurring, thus jeopardizing the existence of our natural existence here on planet earth. What is a country's responsibility? I believe that it is my countries responsibility to organize and publicize ways to control waste management. Waste management is often times looked over; but in actuality waste management is key to our success, health, and status as a population for the future. I think that it is my countries responsibility to find ways to properly dispose of waste without harming the atmosphere, the natural environment, humans, and other species that exists on this planet. In addition to solving this problem, I also think that it is my countries responsibility to inform our society about the damage and effects of waste toxins, and how we as individuals can improve this situation. I think that informing our society is key to a purposeful and successful waste management system. Individuals need to know what they can do to help and what their community can do to improve the situation. I think our country should also supply our communities with more resources to improve this situation, such as recycle bins, trash cans, and other types of waste management products. What is an individual's responsibility?

I think that it is my individual responsibly to be informed and aware about the waste management system at the neighborhood, community, and national level. I think that as a individual it is important to know how waste is taken care of, and how you can contribute to that system. It is important to be able to locate where and when the trash management team is working and where they will be collecting you own trash. I think that it is also important to know when you need to recycle certain waste products. Recycling is important to the future of our environment, and i think it is our own responsibility to participate in this process.

· **What effects does trash accumulation have on the sea (fish, aquatic life, and water contamination)?**
 * Farida:**
 * Nasma:**
 * What organizations are currently available to help this vast problem of waste management?**

**Heather:** · **Where is waste management the largest issue in the world and how can it be decreased?** Presentation Tool: Powerpoint/Slideshare *Is this okay with everyone or does anyone have any other suggestions? :) Let me know if you have any questions or need help getting started! Let's post our research findings on here as a reply to this discussion and I'll compile them. Our research has to be posted w/ annotations by March 24th. Thanks!
 * Nick:**
 * What can communities do to help decrease trash/littering in their own neighborhoods, cities, etc?**
 * Andrea-- I will research: What can individuals do to extend help to other country’s and places in need of help to decrease trash management issues?**

*How does trash accumulation negatively effect our environment?

I was thinking about how waste is so harmful to animals in our environment. I was thinking that this could be our main area of focus. Just think of the ways we could help our world if we can help reduce the amount of trash in our community, state, nation, and world. All these little animals would surely be thankful and we know they can't advocate for themselves so that means it's up to us! Check out these pix!

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